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Review Essays of Academic, Professional & Technical Books in the Humanities & Sciences

 

Food Processing

Food Processing Handbook by James G. Brennan (Wiley-VCH) focusing on the technology involved, this handbook describes the principles as well as the equipment used and the changes – physical, chemical, microbiological and organoleptic – that occur during food preservation. In doing so the text covers in detail such techniques as post-harvest handling, thermal processing, evaporation and dehydration, freezing, irradiation, high pressure processing, emerging technologies, baking, extrusion, frying and packaging. In addition current concerns about the safety of processed foods and control of food processes are addressed, as are the impact of processing on the environment and separation and conversion operations widely used in the food industry.

Scientists and engineers involved in food manufacture, research and development in both industry and academia will benefit greatly from the contents as will students studying food related topics at undergradu­ate and postgraduate levels.

There are many excellent texts available which cover the fundamentals of food engineering, equipment design, modelling of food processing operations etc. There are also several very good works in food science and technology dealing with the chemical composition, physical properties, nutritional and microbiolog­ical status of fresh and processed foods. This work is an attempt to cover the middle ground between these two extremes. The objective is to discuss the tech­nology behind the main methods of food preservation used in today's food in­dustry in terms of the principles involved, the equipment used and the changes in physical, chemical, microbiological and organoleptic properties that occur during processing. In addition to the conventional preservation techniques, new and emerging technologies, such as high pressure processing and the use of pulsed electric field and power ultrasound are discussed. The materials and methods used in the packaging of food, including the relatively new field of ac­tive packaging, are covered. Concerns about the safety of processed foods and the impact of processing on the environment are addressed. Process control methods employed in food processing are outlined. Treatments applied to water to be used in food processing and the disposal of wastes from processing opera­tions are described.

Chapter 1 covers the postharvest handling and transport of fresh foods and preparatory operations, such as cleaning, sorting, grading and blanching, ap­plied prior to processing. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 contain up-to-date accounts of heat processing, evaporation, dehydration and freezing techniques used for food preservation. In Chapter 5, the potentially useful, but so far little used process of irradiation is discussed. The relatively new technology of high pressure pro­cessing is covered in Chapter 6, while Chapter 7 explains the current status of pulsed electric field, power ultrasound, and other new technologies. Recent de­velopments in baking, extrusion cooking and frying are outlined in Chapter 8. Chapter 9 deals with the materials and methods used for food packaging and active packaging technology, including the use of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ethylene scavengers, preservative releasers and moisture absorbers. In Chapter 10, safety in food processing is discussed and the development, implementation and maintenance of HACCP systems outlined. Chapter 11 covers the various types of control systems applied in food processing. Chapter 12 deals with environmental issues including the impact of packaging wastes and the disposal of refrigerants. In Chapter 13, the various treatments applied to water to be used in food processing are described and the physical, chemical and biological treat­ments applied to food processing wastes are outlined. To complete the picture, the various separation techniques used in food processing are discussed in Chapter 14 and Chapter 15 covers the conversion operations of mixing, emulsif­ication and size reduction of solids.

 

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