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Free Vibrations of Beams and Frames: Eigenvalues and Eigenfuctions by Igor Karnovsky, Olga Lebed (McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing) This monograph provides solutions to a large variety of beam and frame vibration problems. The intent is to provide information that is not currently available and solutions for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions problems that engineers and researchers use for the analysis of dynamical behavior of beams and frames. Written by noted experts in vibration theory and optimal control of vibration, this valuable, one-of-a-kind reference provides:  

• Equations of classical beam theory
• Special functions for dynamical analysis of beams and frames
• Calculation procedures
• Analytical and numerical results for one-span and multispan beams with elastic and classical supports
• Analytical and numerical results for beams with lumped and rotational masses
• Numerous tables, charts, and worked solutions
• Easy-access organization

Deformable systems (DS) with distributed parameters are widely used in modern engineering. Among these systems, planar systems such as beams, arches, and frames, are some of the most commonly used systems in practice. These systems find wide applications in civil and transport engineering (supported structures, framing elements for airplanes, ships and rockets), in mechanical engineering, robotics and radio-engineering (load-bearing members, electric drives for robotics and mechanisms, boards of a radio-electronic apparatus, etc.).

To a large extent, the functional reliability and quality of DS systems are defined by their fundamental properties. All-important among these are eigenvalues and eigenfunc­tions. For design, analysis or synthesis of a complex dynamic system, determination of fundamental characteristics of the DS is a necessary first step. This is achieved by applying the theory of vibration of continuous deformable systems and different calculation techniques.

During the last thirty years, a vast amount of information dealing with eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of DS has been accumulated. However, this information is spread out over numerous articles that are published in journals, conference proceedings, guidelines, departmental reports and theses. Existing handbooks do not reflect, in a reasonable manner, this important problem. For practicing engineers and researchers at universities and institutions, searching the vast literature, even with ready access to computerized databases and the Internet for a specific type of problem, this is a difficult and time consuming task. Solutions of many important problems remain unknown to specialists, who could greatly benefit from such knowledge. Specialists are well aware of these problems.

The objective of this handbook is to provide the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference of known solutions to a large variety of vibration problems of beams and frames. The intent is to provide information that is not available in current handbooks and to provide solutions for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions problems that engineers and researchers use for the analysis of dynamical behavior of beams and frames in the different fields of engineering.

The most distinctive feature of this handbook is that it is the most complete collection of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for different types of beams and frames that has ever been published. It includes a large number of cases of beams and frames with concentrated and distributed parameters with different types of elastic supports and boundary condi­tions. The authors have conducted a very extensive research of published materials in many countries and compiled solutions to different cases of vibration of deformable systems. The criteria for the selection of problems included in the handbook were mainly based on the

importance and the frequency of appearance of the problem in practical engineering applications. Problems selection is based on the 35 years' combined experience of the authors in the field of structural dynamics.

All problems in this book may be considered as classical problems. Authors understand that division of vibration of deformable structures as classical and non-classical is conventional. In general, this book is mainly focused on vibration of beams and frames on the base of Bernoulli–Euler equation, without taking into account additional effects; vibration of beams on rigid and elastic supports without damping; vibration of beams with constant rigidity and cross-sectional area.

To compile the information presented in this handbook, the authors carefully reviewed monographs, journals, handbooks, proceedings, preprints and theses, as well as results of the authors' own research. The handbook contains the fundamental and most up-to-date results concerning eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of beams and frames. The majority of the sources consulted have been published in the USA, Canada, England, Russia, Germany, Japan, Israel, and Netherlands over the past 40 years. Each case presented in the handbook is properly referenced. The majority of the results, which are presented in the original sources, have been independently verified by the authors.

Non-Classical Vibrations of Arches and Beams: Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions by Igor Karnovsky, Olga Lebed (McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing) This monograph provides solutions to a large variety of vibration problems of arches and beams. The intent is to provide information that is not currently available and solutions for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions problems that engineers and researchers use for the advanced analysis of dynamical behavior of arches and beams. Written by noted experts in vibration theory and optimal control of vibration, this unique resource provides eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for:

• Bernoulli-Euler beams on elastic foundation
• Beams under compressive and tensile axial loads
• Bress-Timoshenko beams
• Non-uniform beams
• Optimal designed beams
• Non-linear vibrations
• Arches

The higher demands to a dynamical structure in whole leads to increasing demands of each part of a structure and in particular, to its DS. It means that the requirements to the accuracy of calculation of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of DS are increased. However, on the basis of the simplified mathematical models it is impossible to obtain refined fundamental characteristics and take into account the specific effects.

This handbook presents solutions of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for the advanced analysis of beams and arches. Analysis of beams on the basis of mathematical models, which take into account different additional effects, such as the effects of rotary inertia and shear force, are considered. Analysis of DS with specific conditions of a structure in service, such as elastic foundation, axial tensile or compressive load, is shown. Also, the handbook presents different types of nonlinear vibration problems of the beams, some results dealing with vibration of optimal designed beams. Special attention is paid to eigenvalue and eigenfunction problems for arches with different boundary conditions and

During the last thirty years, a vast amount of information dealing with eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of DS has been accumulated. However, this information is spread out over numerous articles that are published in journals, conference proceedings, guidelines, departmental reports and theses. Existing handbooks do not reflect, in a reasonable manner, this important problem. For practicing engineers and researchers at universities and institutions, searching the vast literature, even with ready access to computerized databases and the Internet for a specific type of problem, this is a difficult and time consuming task. Solutions of many important problems remain unknown to specialists, who could greatly benefit from such knowledge.

The objective of this handbook is to provide the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference of known solutions to a large variety of vibration problems of beams and arches. The intent is to provide information that is not available in current handbooks and to provide solutions for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions problems that engineers and researchers use for the advanced analysis of dynamical behavior of beams and arches.

The most distinctive feature of this handbook is that it is the most complete collection of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for different types of beams and arches that has ever been published. It includes a large number of cases of beams and arches with concentrated and distributed parameters with different types of elastic supports and boundary conditions. All problems in this book may be considered as non-classical problems. Authors understand that division of vibration of deformable structures as classical and non-classical is conventional. However, this division is convenient in order to consider non-classical problems separately, i.e., such problems, which take into account additional important effects (shear, rotary inertia, etc), consider nonlinear problems by analytical methods (static, physical, geometrical non-linearity), problems of optimal design, as well as some special problems, for example vibration of beams in magnetic field. Of course, this list of non-classical problems is not complete. The authors have conducted a very extensive research of published materials in many countries and compiled solutions to different cases of vibration of deformable systems. The criteria for the selection of problems included in the handbook were mainly based on the importance and the frequency of appearance of the problem in practical engineering applications. Problems selection is based on the 35 years' combined experience of the authors in the field of structural dynamics.

To compile the information presented in this handbook, the authors carefully reviewed monographs, journals, handbooks, proceedings, preprints and theses, as well as results of the authors' own research. The handbook contains the fundamental and most up-to-date results concerning eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of beams and arches. The majority of the sources consulted have been published in the USA, Canada, England, Russia, Germany, Japan, Israel, and Netherlands over the past 40 years. Each case presented in the handbook is properly referenced. The majority of the results, which are presented in the original sources, have been independently verified by the authors.

Cost Analysis and Estimating for Engineering and Management by Phillip F. Ostwald, Timothy S. McLaren (Pearson Education) This popular book supplies readers with the latest principles and techniques for the evaluation of engineering design. The emphasis is on analysis and estimating. Included in this new edition is a chapter that introduces principles that deal with bringing inventions to the marketplace. It analyzes labor, material, accounting, and forecasting; then the theme of estimating is developed, with a study of methods, operations, and products. A versatile and extremely usable book, it's the perfect resource for engineers, managers, and entrepreneurs.

This first edition of Cost Analysis and Estimating for Engineering and Management provides the latest principles and techniques for the evaluation of engineering design. The theme for the book begins with four chapters devoted to an analysis of labor, ma­terial, accounting, and forecasting. In the next four chapters estimating is developed, and methods, operations, and product chapters are given. With those chapters under-stood, attention moves to Chapters 9 and 10, "Cost Analysis and Engineering Econo­my." Chapter 11, "The Enterprise, Entrepreneurship, and Imaginamachina," concludes the book, and it introduces principles that deal with bringing inventions to the market-place. Wise and calculated risk taking for the entrepreneur (read engineer and manager) are important to the broader understanding of engineering for students. The organization of this book develops these principles in a systematic way.

With increasing importance of design over rote skills in contemporary engineering courses, this book can be used for a variety of teaching situations: for lecture only, for lecture with a laboratory menu, or for professional mentoring with business, and developed field trips. Courses that connect to on-line live or delayed video instruction can use this book, as the authors have personal experience with these delivery modes. Furthermore, lifelong learning programs for the professional in either formal or infor­mal settings can use the book.

Academic requirements for this book/course may vary, and we believe that the book is suitable for a number of teaching approaches. The book has been written to ap­peal to engineering/management/technology settings. The student needs a mathemati­cal maturity of algebra and introductory calculus. Typically, this book is used in the later college periods, and sometimes it coincides with the capstone course or other summary courses that occur in the final semesters. It is also suitable for graduate level courses in engineering/technology and management.

The instructor will notice Internet requirements that search for information and apply it in practical context. We provide Internet addresses for numerous assignments. (Regrettably, these addresses may change from time to time. Fortunately, many stu­dents are adept at finding their own way around the Internet.) In the interactive envi­ronment of teaching, this book is a part of modern courseware. Word processing and spreadsheet skills are assumed, and some CAD ability is always helpful. The student must have access to a computer, and system requirements would be typical of more ad­vanced personal or college Pentium computers.

Various academic levels, either undergraduate or graduate, and backgrounds are appropriate and the instructor will find that this book is fitting for a variety of teaching styles. The authors have attempted to involve the instructor in the leadership of many exercises, calling on you, the instructor, to localize the assignments to your needs.

The book has more material than can be covered in one semester or quarter, and thus chapters can be chosen to meet the objectives of each class. Chapter order can be adjusted. For example, if the students already have an understanding of statistics, then Chapter 5 material can be excluded. Other sections can be dropped depending on stu­dent preparation and course objectives. Now and then the term "optional" is used with sectional material, and the instructor can either appropriately overlook that section or include it for enriching purposes. The instructor will find that the book is versatile.

This book has a range of difficulty for Questions for Discussion, Problems, Challenge Problems, Practical Applications, and Case Studies. Throughout the book, the au­thors have attempted to give the instructor the opportunity for outcomes-evaluation of student work with these many exercises.

There are 128 Questions for Discussion in the 11 chapters. They are qualitative and require back reading and a response of a few sentences for a thoughtful reply.

We believe cost analysis and estimating to be a problem-solving activity; there-fore, many of the 245 Problems and 65 Challenge Problems request computations or sketches. Whenever the student is asked to set up and solve open-ended problems, much learning occurs. Indeed, some problems may have several appropriate solutions, and that depends on the assumptions and the route for the solution. This paradigm is instructive in a broader engineering context.

The problems have varying levels of difficulty. We want the Problems and the Challenge Problems to be tractable, either with calculator or spreadsheet, where the emphasis is on teaching concepts. It is not our desire to cause excessive computation, which is the nature of cost analysis and estimating problems. Thus, this book ignores software data and encyclopedias that are found on the Internet for estimating designs. Those software applications restrict the learning of principles. Nor do we give much at­tention to the minutia of extensive design practices, as those temporal trade details can be learned on the job, if necessary.

There is an end-of-chapter section that we call the Practical Application. The purpose of the Practical Application is to uncouple the student from books, libraries, and the classroom. As will be seen throughout the book, Practical Applications intro-duce the student to experiences in the real world. For example, it encourages field trips and communication with engineers, technologists, and management professionals. The instructor will appreciate this experiential approach, allowing him or her to use Practical Applications in exciting ways.

The end-of-chapter Case Studies are open ended, perhaps having several solu­tions. Students are often disturbed by this peculiarity, but instructors recognize cost analysis and estimating courses are unlike calculus courses with their singularity of correct answers.

 

Engineering Mechanics-Statics by R. C. Hibbeler (Prentice Hall) The main purpose of this book is to provide the student with a clear and thorough presentation of the theory and applications of engineering mechanics. To achieve this objective, the author has by no means worked alone; to a large extent, this book, through its 10 editions, has been shaped by the comments and suggestions of hundreds of reviewers in the teaching profession as well as many of the author's students.

Some unique features used throughout this tenth edition include the following:

• Illustrations. Throughout the book, new photorealistic illustrations have been added that provide a strong connection to the 3-D nature of engineering. In addition, particular attention has been placed on providing a view of any physical object, its dimensions, and the vectors applied to it in a manner that can be easily understood.

• Problems. The problems sets have been revised so that instructors can select both design and analysis problems having a wide range of difficulty. Apart from the author, two other professionals have checked all the problems for clarity and accuracy of the solutions. At the end of some chapters, design projects are included.

• Review Material. New end-of-chapter review sections have been added to help students recall and study key chapter points.

Of course, the hallmarks of the book remain the same: Where necessary, a strong emphasis is placed on drawing a free-body diagram, and the importance of selecting an appropriate coordinate system, and associated sign convention for vector components is stressed when the equations of mechanics are applied.

The book is divided into 11 chapters, in which the principles are applied first to simple, then to more complicated situations. Most often, each principle is applied first to a particle, then to a rigid body subjected to a coplanar system of forces, and finally to a general case of three-dimensional force systems acting on a rigid body.

Chapter 1 begins with an introduction to mechanics and a discussion of units. The notation of a vector and the properties of a concurrent force system are introduced in Chapter 2. This theory is then applied to the equilibrium of a particle in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 contains a general discussion of both concentrated and distributed force systems and the methods used to simplify them. The principles of rigid-body equilibrium are developed in Chapter 5 and then applied to specific problems involving the equilibrium of trusses, frames, and machines in Chapter 6, and to the analysis of internal forces in beams and cables in Chapter 7. Applications to problems involving frictional forces are discussed in Chapter 8, and topics related to the center of gravity and centroid are treated in Chapter 9. If time permits, sections concerning more advanced topics, indicated by stars (*) may be covered. Most of these topics are included in Chapter 10 (area and mass moments of inertia) and Chapter 11 (virtual work and potential energy). Note that this material also provides a suitable reference for basic principles when it is discussed in more advanced courses.

Alternative Coverage. At the discretion of the instructor, some of the material may be presented in a different sequence with no loss of continuity. For example, it is possible to introduce the concept of a force and all the necessary methods of vector analysis by first covering Chapter 2 and Section 4.2. Then after covering the rest of Chapter 4 (force and moment systems), the equilibrium methods of Chapters 3 and 5 can be discussed.

Organization and Approach. The contents of each chapter are organized into well-defined sections that contain an explanation of specific topics, illustrative example problems, and a set of homework problems. The topics within each section are placed into subgroups defined by boldface titles. The purpose of this is to present a structured method for introducing each new definition or concept and to make the book convenient for later reference and review.

Chapter Contents. Each chapter begins with an illustration demon­strating a broad-range application of the material within the chapter. A bulleted list of the chapter contents is provided to give a general overview of the material that will be covered.

Free-Body Diagrams. The first step to solving most mechanics problems requires drawing a diagram. By doing so, the student forms the habit of tabulating the necessary data while focusing on the physical aspects of the problem and its associated geometry. If this step is performed correctly, applying the relevant equations of mechanics becomes somewhat methodical since the data can be taken directly from the diagram. This step is particularly important when solving equilibrium problems, and for this reason drawing free-body diagrams is strongly emphasized throughout the book. In particular, special sections and examples are devoted to show how to draw free-body diagrams, and specific homework problems in many sections of the book have been added to develop this practice.

 

Procedures for Analysis. Found after many of the sections of the book, this unique feature provides the student with a logical and orderly method to follow when applying the theory. The example problems are solved using this outlined method in order to clarify its numerical application. It is to be understood, however, that once the relevant principles have been mastered and enough confidence and judgment have been obtained, the student can then develop his or her own procedures for solving problems.

Photographs. Many photographs are used throughout the book to explain how the principles of mechanics apply to real-world situations. In some sections, photographs have been used to show how engineers must first make an idealized model for analysis and then proceed to draw a free-body diagram of this model in order to apply the theory.

Important Points. This feature provides a review or summary of the most important concepts in a section and highlights the most significant points that should be realized when applying the theory to solve problems.

Conceptual Understanding. Through the use of photographs placed throughout the book, theory is applied in a simplified way in order to illustrate some of its more important conceptual features and instill the physical meaning of many of the terms used in the equations. These simplified applications increase interest in the subject matter and better prepare the student to understand the examples and solve problems.

Example Problems. All the example problems are presented in a concise manner and in a style that is easy to understand.

Homework Problems

Free-Body Diagram Problems. Many sections of the book contain introductory problems that only require drawing the free-body diagram for the specific problems within a problem set. These assignments will impress upon the student the importance of mastering this skill as a requirement for a complete solution of any equilibrium problem.

General Analysis and Design Problems. The majority of problems in the book depict realistic situations encountered in engineering practice. Some of these problems come from actual products used in industry and are stated as such. It is hoped that this realism will both stimulate the student's interest in engineering mechanics and provide a means for developing the skill to reduce any such problem from its physical description to a model or symbolic representation to which the principles of mechanics may be applied.

Throughout the book, there is an approximate balance of problems using either SI or FPS units. Furthermore, in any set, an attempt has been made to arrange the problems in order of increasing difficulty. (Review problems at the end of each chapter are presented in random order.) The answers to all but every fourth problem are listed in the back of the book. To alert the user to a problem without a reported answer, an asterisk (*) is placed before the problem number.

Computer Problems. An effort has been made to include some problems that may be solved using a numerical procedure executed on either a desktop computer or a programmable pocket calculator. Suitable numerical techniques along with associated computer programs are given in Appendix B. The intent here is to broaden the student's capacity for using other forms of mathematical analysis without sacrificing the time needed to focus on the application of the principles of mechanics. Problems of this type, which either can or must be solved using numerical procedures, are identified by a "square" symbol preceding the problem number.

Design Projects. At the end of some of the chapters, design projects have been included. It is felt that this type of assignment should be given only after the student has developed a basic understanding of the subject matter. These projects focus on solving a problem by specifying the geometry of a structure or mechanical object needed for a specific purpose. A force analysis is required and, in many cases, safety and cost issues must be addressed

Chapter Reviews. New chapter review sections summarize key points of the chapter, often in bulleted lists.

Appendices. The appendices provide a source of mathematical formula and numerical analysis needed to solve the problems in the book. Appendix C provides a set of problems typically found on the Fundamentals of Engineering Examination. By providing a partial solution to all the problems, the student is given a chance to further practice his or her skills.

Logistics Engineering & Management, Sixth Edition by Benjamin S. Blanchard (Prentice Hall) An authoritative exploration of logistics management within the engineering design and development process, this book concentrates on the design, sustaining maintenance and support of systems. The volume provides complete coverage of reliability, maintainability, and availability measures, the measures of logistics and system support, the system engineering process, logistics and supportability analysis, system design and development, the production/construction phase, utilization, sustaining support and retirement phases, and logistics management. For those interested in logistics engineering and management.
There are many books that deal with logistics from a commercial, business-related perspective, but Logistics Engineering & Management, Sixth Edition covers the' subject from the point of view of an engineer. The text intro­duces logistics from a broad perspective to include all activities throughout the system life-cycle pertaining to supply chain management, the physical supply and distribution of products, and the sustaining maintenance and support of systems throughout their planned life cycles. Also addressed are logistics and the maintenance support infrastructure as a major element of the "system" from a total life-cycle perspective rather than as an independent and separate function. This encourages thinking in terms of total "systems" and not just limited to the flow of smaller consumable items.

Logistics Engineering & Management emphasizes the importance of dealing with logistics early in the system design and development process and throughout the implementation of the system engineering process. This familiarizes the student with the system design and development process and stresses the importance of considering the requirements for logistics from the beginning, when design and management decisions have the greatest effect on the costs of logistics and support later on. The book stresses the importance of establishing performance-based logistics (PBL) measures (metrics) early in the system design process and the follow-on 'design for supportability' requirements in response to these requirements, promoting a more "proactive" approach to logistics support, as opposed to an after-the-fact 'reactive' approach.

Logistics Engineering & Management, Sixth Edition includes illustrated case studies in support of determining logistics requirements in design and development and in the evaluation of the logistics and maintenance support infrastructure later on. These case studies utilize key analytical tools in the definition of logistical support requirements such as life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA); failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA); fault tree analysis (FTA); reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) analysis; maintenance task analysis (MTA); level of repair analysis (LORA); and evaluation of design alternatives. This book Includes Appendices with helpful design aids such as checklists, LCCA processes, MTA processes, selected interest tables, abbreviations and bibliography. The book is comprised of nine chapters with 273 end-of-chapter questions. The Instructor's Guide includes responses to the end-of-chapter questions.

Highlights of this new edition include:

• Reflection of the 'current environment' throughout, with more emphasis on systems„ globalization, international cooperation, outsourcing horizontal organizations external suppliers, constantly changing requirements, and evolutionary design.

• New material on the 'Supply Chain (SC)' and 'Supply Chain Management (SCM)'

• New coverage of 'Performance-Based Logistics (PBL),' commencing with the establishment of logistics measures early in design and extending though system test and evaluation

• Greater emphasis on the integration of commercial, business-oriented elements of logistics and the defense approach involving such additional activities to include the design for supportability and the sustaining system maintenance and support throughout the planned life cycle.           -

• Expanded coverage of life-cycle costing (LCC) and LCC analysis throughout the text

• Coverage of new technologies and their applications, such as Electronic Commerce (EC), Information Technology (IT), Electronic Data Interchange (EDI).

Current trends indicate that, in general, the complexity of systems is increasing with constantly changing requirements and the introduction of new technologies on a con­tinuing and evolutionary basis; the life cycles of many systems are being extended; and many of those systems (or products) in use today are not meeting the needs of the customer/user in terms of performance, quality, and overall cost-effectiveness. At the same time, there is a greater degree of outsourcing and utilization of suppliers throughout the world, there is a need for greater cooperation and exchange, and there is increasing com­petition in a highly global environment. Additionally, available resources are dwindling worldwide.

In today's environment, there is an ever-increasing requirement to develop and produce systems that are robust in nature, reliable and of high quality, supportable, cost-effective, and responsive to the needs of the customer in a satisfactory manner. Of particular significance is the need to provide for the effective and efficient support of a given system throughout its life cycle, including all the related activities that are re­quired to realize this objective. It is essential that a comprehensive and well-integrated logistics and maintenance support infrastructure be developed, that it be considered as a critical element of the system in question, and that it be addressed from the beginning as new systems are developed and/or reengineered systems are introduced. This infra­structure should include all logistics and system support activities, and the requirements for such must be an inherent consideration in the system design and development process.

During the past few decades, the field of logistics has grown significantly, with emphasis in several different but related areas. In the commercial sector, the business­oriented functions of purchasing, material flow, transportation, warehousing, product distribution, and customer service have been predominant. More recently, the concepts and principles of supply chain management have received a great deal of attention, which, in turn, have added emphasis in business processes, information technology, and financial management to the conventional spectrum of business logistics. These activi­ties have been directed primarily to the acquisition and delivery of consumable items, and the functions of product design, maintenance, and life-cycle support have not been included in most cases.

Conversely, in the defense sector, the realm of logistics has been oriented toward a life-cycle approach to systems. In addition to those activities within the broad scope of business logistics (e.g., purchasing, material flow, transportation, and physical distri­bution), the activities of product design and sustaining maintenance and support must also be included. A system must first be designed to be supportable, produced (or con­structed), distributed to the user, and ultimately maintained effectively and efficiently throughout its planned life cycle. This approach to logistics, which is life-cycle oriented, has in the past been directed primarily toward large, complex, and highly sophisticated defense systems. Yet, the concepts and principles of logistics may be applied to almost any category of systems, whether a communications system, a chemical processing plant, an electrical power distribution system, a health care system, an information pro­cessing system, a production system, a transportation system, or any comparable type of functional entity. This book is about logistics as it applies to systems, with the objective of viewing the commercial and the defense approaches to logistics as a total integrated capability.

In dealing with systems (in general), experience has indicated that their complex­ities have increased in many instances with the introduction of new technologies, the effectiveness and quality aspects for many systems in use have decreased, and the costs associated with system operation and maintenance over the life cycle have increased significantly. A large percentage of the high costs of system operation and support are attributed to engineering and management decisions made during the early stages of design. Early decisions (during the conceptual and preliminary system design phases) associated with the selection of technologies, system/equipment packaging schemes, two versus three levels of maintenance, levels of repair, and the use of automation ver­sus accomplishing functions manually can have a great impact on logistics and total system life-cycle cost. Thus, with the current economic dilemma of decreasing budgets and upward inflationary trends, it has become even more essential that the down­stream aspects of logistics (i.e., system distribution, operation, and maintenance sup­port) be addressed in the early stages of the design and development of new systems (or the reengineering of existing systems). Of specific interest here is the design for supportability.

Logistics can best be addressed during the early stages of the life cycle through the proper implementation of the system engineering process, commencing with the identification of a customer need and extending through the early definition of system requirements, the development of technical performance measures and performance­based logistics factors, functional analysis and allocation, synthesis, analysis and design optimization, test and evaluation, and ultimate system validation. The logistics and maintenance support infrastructure must be included as an element of the system, with­in this development process, if the resultant configuration is to be cost-effective and meet the needs of the customer. Thus, the consideration of design for supportability must be inherent from the beginning.

This book addresses logistics from a system perspective. Chapter 1 sets the stage by introducing some key terms and definitions. Chapters 2 and 3 describe some of the measures (metrics) of logistics. Chapter 4 presents the system engineering process and the framework within which logistics is addressed in system design and development. Chapter 5 covers the broad spectrum of supportability analysis as an integral part of

the ongoing process of system analysis. This analysis, in itself, is an iterative process and includes the use of numerous analytical methods, tools, and techniques applied with the objective of ensuring that the system is designed such that it can be effectively and efficiently supported throughout its planned life cycle. Chapter 6 addresses many ac­tivities that are associated with logistics in the overall system design and development process. Chapters 7 and 8 cover many important logistics functions accomplished dur­ing the production, operational use, and system retirement and material recycling/disposal phases. Chapter 9 addresses the aspects of logistics planning, organization, management, and control. Although the technical aspects of logistics may appear to be the best ever, their successful implementation is highly dependent on the management structure and an organizational environment that will allow it to happen. Finally, the ap­pendixes include a comprehensive bibliography, a system design review checklist, a sup­plier evaluation checklist, the life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) procedure, the maintenance task analysis (MTA) procedure, selected interest and normal distribution tables, and a list of abbreviations.

This text is more comprehensive than earlier editions. Current trends, the intro­duction to supply chain management issues, greater emphasis in design requirements and the design for supportability, additional coverage of life-cycle cost analysis and its applications, the inclusion of selected case studies, and supporting material are included. Of particular note is the emphasis on logistics from a total system life-cycle perspective.

Building Scientific Apparatus, 3^rd Edition by John Moore, Christopher Davis, Michael Coplan, Sandra Greer (Perseus Books) Utilizing original drawings and examples, this book refines technical jargon to help scientists understand and create the apparatus and mechanisms fundamental to their studies.
This best-selling book removes the mystery in building scientific apparatus. Every scientific apparatus requires a mechanical structure, even a device that is fundamentally electronic or optical in nature. A successful scientist must acquire many engineering skills in order to proceed efficiently with an experimental investigation. This volume provides a practical guide for working scientists who need to capitalize on new and unfamiliar technologies as they go about their work.

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